IV is a virus related to HIV that can infect monkeys. In some strains of monkey (which are known as natural hosts) SIV does not cause disease, whereas it does in others (which are known as susceptible hosts). It is hoped that understanding why SIV does not cause disease in natural hosts will provide insight into how to control HIV infection of humans. Two independent research teams, one led by Michaela C. Müller-Trutwin, and the other led by Guido Silvestri, Ashley Haase, and David Kelvin, have now determined that SIV induces vigorous activation of the immune system, in particular upregulation of genes stimulated by immune molecules known as IFNs, in both natural and susceptible hosts, but strikingly, the responses are later brought under control only in the former. In an accompanying commentary, Nina Bhardwaj and Olivier Manches, at New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, discuss how the lessons learned from these studies might impact HIV vaccine design and therapy.

TITLE: Global genomic analysis reveals rapid control of a robust innate response in SIV-infected sooty mangabeys

View this article at: http://www.jci.org/articles/view/40115?key=oNmMSIkn4H9JdUJ72v6a

ACCOMPANYING ARTICLE
TITLE: Nonpathogenic SIV infection of African green monkeys induces a strong but rapidly controlled type I IFN response

View this article at: http://www.jci.org/articles/view/40093?key=8rqR89T5BZYeJ7KuHW55

ACCOMPANYING COMMENTARY
TITLE: Resolution of immune activation defines nonpathogenic SIV infection

View this article at: http://www.jci.org/articles/view/41509?key=YH73bnLajqEZK6CETk0O

Source: Karen Honey

Journal of Clinical Investigation